HPV and Cervical Cancer Risk: What You Need to Know
Many people don’t realize they could be at risk for HPV-related cancers. According to the CDC, “Every year in the United States, Human Papillomavirus (HPV) causes about 36,000 cases of cancer in both men and women.” Because HPV can have serious health consequences, staying informed and taking preventive measures is essential.
At Nexclin Medicine, proactive wellness means supporting proven preventive measures, like the HPV vaccine, and offering our own services—including Pap smears, HPV screenings, and genetic cancer testing—to catch risks early and promote lifelong health. Cervical Cancer Awareness Month is the perfect time to learn more about our services and take steps to safeguard your health.
What Is HPV? Risk Factors and Prevention
HPV is extremely common. Scientists have identified over 200 different types, and around 40 can infect the genital area. These types fall into two categories:
- Low-risk strains: HPV 6 and 11 typically cause genital warts.
- High-risk strains: HPV 16 and 18 are known to cause various cancers.
Common Risk Factors for HPV
Understanding your personal risk factors is an important step in protecting yourself from HPV. Certain behaviors and health conditions can increase your likelihood of infection, and the following are some of the most common risk factors to be aware of:
- Multiple sexual partners or a partner with high-risk behavior: Increases the likelihood of HPV exposure.
- Early onset of sexual activity: Cervical cells are more vulnerable during adolescence.
- Smoking: Reduces the immune system’s ability to clear HPV infections.
- Heavy alcohol consumption: Weakens immune function and decreases the body’s ability to fight infections.
- Prolonged oral contraceptive use: Hormonal changes may contribute to persistent HPV and precancerous cells.
- Weakened immune system: Makes it harder for the body to naturally clear HPV.
HPV Prevention: Screening and Early Detection
Now that you know your risks, it’s time to focus on prevention. One of the most effective ways to protect against HPV and related cancers is by getting the HPV Gardasil 9 vaccine. In addition, practicing safe sex and staying up to date on routine screenings are essential for early detection and prevention.
A common question people ask is: “What is the difference between an HPV screening and a Pap smear?” Here’s a quick breakdown:
- Pap smear (Pap test): Usually performed during your annual exam, this test checks for abnormal cervical cells that could develop into cancer if left untreated.
- HPV screening: Detects high-risk strains of the virus that cause most cervical cancers. This test can be done at the same time as a Pap smear (co-testing) or separately.
- Why both matter: Together, these screenings help prevent cancer or catch it early, when treatment is most effective.
Just as important, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, eating well, exercising regularly, avoiding smoking and limiting alcohol—supports your immune system and helps your body clear infections more effectively.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Q: How often should I get screened for HPV or cervical cancer?
A: Screening recommendations vary by age and health history. Many adults have a Pap smear every 3 years or a Pap + HPV co-test every 5 years. Your healthcare provider can give personalized guidance.
Q: Can men get HPV-related cancers?
A: Yes. HPV can cause cancers in men, including anal, penile, and throat cancers. Vaccination and safe practices help reduce these risks.
Q: Is the HPV vaccine safe?
A: Yes. The Gardasil 9 vaccine has been extensively studied and is safe and effective at preventing the HPV strains most commonly linked to cancer.
Q: Can HPV be transmitted even if I don’t have symptoms?
A: Yes. HPV often has no visible symptoms, so it’s possible to transmit the virus without knowing you have it. This is why vaccination and routine screenings are so important.
Q: Can HPV go away on its own?
A: In many cases, a healthy immune system can clear HPV infections over time, particularly low-risk strains. However, high-risk strains can persist and may lead to cell changes, which is why regular screening is essential.
Q: Should I get the HPV vaccine if I’m already sexually active?
A: Yes. While the vaccine is most effective before any HPV exposure, it can still provide protection against strains you haven’t been exposed to. Your healthcare provider can give guidance based on your age and medical history.
Take Charge of Your Health
Protecting your health starts with proactive steps. Our team at Nexclin Medicine evaluates your individual risk factors and recommends a personalized preventive plan—including vaccination, routine screenings, and lifestyle guidance.
Schedule a consultation with us today online or by phone to take charge of your health and peace of mind. Contact our office at 770-558-2873.
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